MANAGEMENT OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN DOGS

 𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗔𝗚𝗘𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗟𝗘𝗣𝗧𝗢𝗦𝗣𝗜𝗥𝗢𝗦𝗜𝗦

Once leptospirosis diagnosis is confirmed, patients should be treated with antimicrobials and supportive care as needed.

ANTIMICROBIALS
💊If the patient can tolerate oral medication: Doxycycline (5 mg/kg PO every 12 hours) for 14 days1

💊If the patient cannot tolerate oral medication: Ampicillin (20 mg/kg IV every 6 hours), then, if possible, de-escalated to oral doxycycline (5 mg/kg PO every 12 hours) for an additional 14 days

SUPPORTIVE CARE
✨IV fluids for replacement, diuresis, acid-base balance, and electrolyte maintenance

✨Antiemetics

✨Nutritional support for renal or hepatic injury

✨Renal replacement therapy can be considered in oliguric dogs developing volume overload, severe hyperkalemia, or severe azotemia nonresponsive to medical management.

✨Other care as needed based on clinical syndrome and patient response to treatment

DURING HOSPITALIZATIONS
🏨During hospitalization, hydration status should be carefully monitored (ie, measure “ins and outs,” thoracic auscultation, blood pressure), as should BUN/creatinine, acid-base/electrolytes, ± hepatic enzymes (as often as every 24 hours initially).

🏨PCV should be rechecked as often as every 24 hours initially, and CBC should be repeated as often as every 48 hours if thrombocytopenia is present and/or in severe cases.

🏨Urine specific gravity should also be rechecked every few days once fluid therapy has been discontinued, and clotting factors should be rechecked if abnormal.

AFTER DISCHARGE
☄️Approximately 1 week after the patient is discharged, serum chemistry profile should be repeated, as should CBC if abnormalities were present at the time of discharge.

Serum chemistry profile should be rechecked ☄️again in 3 to 7 days if results are still abnormal. Urine specific gravity should be monitored regularly if abnormal.

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